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Shirimono
Grammar

〜が〜

Reading:

Meanings: subject marking particle

Explanation

introduction

explanation

The particle *が* marks the **subject** of a sentence — the one who does the action or the thing being described. While *は* highlights the topic, *が* identifies **who** or **what** specifically.

explanation

Use *が* when introducing new information or answering a *who/what* question. If someone asks *who came?*, the answer uses *が*: *田中さんが来た* (Tanaka came).

explanation

*が* is also required with certain predicates like *ある* (exist), *いる* (exist for living things), *好き* (like), *分かる* (understand), and *欲しい* (want).

structure

Example sentences

  • わたし日本にほんしょくきです。

    watashi wa nihonshoku ga suki desu.

    I like Japanese food.

  • いぬがいます。

    heya ni inu ga imasu.

    There is a dog in the room.

  • かれかんわかりません。

    kare wa kanji ga wakarimasen.

    He doesn't understand kanji.

Practice exercises

  • usage_japanese

    とり{placeholder}いる。

    Answer: が

  • usage_japanese

    ほん{placeholder}ほしい。

    Answer: が

  • usage_japanese

    ゆき{placeholder}っている。

    Answer: が

  • usage_japanese

    あめ{placeholder}っている。

    Answer: が

  • usage_japanese

    日本語にほんご{placeholder}かりますか。

    Answer: が

  • usage_japanese

    あのみせにはおいしいケーキ{placeholder}あります。

    Answer: が

  • usage_japanese

    ねこ{placeholder}いる。

    Answer: が

  • usage_japanese

    だれ{placeholder}ましたか。

    Answer: が