GRAMMAR
〜し〜し
~ and ~ (reasons)
Explanation
NOTE
し is used to list multiple reasons for something. It is similar to and, but with a nuance of and what's more. You can stack several し clauses to build up your argument.
NOTE
Each reason ends with し, and the final clause states the conclusion. The reasons given are not exhaustive — you are implying there may be even more reasons beyond what you listed.
STRUCTURE
V普
し雨も降っているし、風も強いし、家にいよう。
Ame mo futte iru shi, kaze mo tsuyoi shi, ie ni iyou.
It's raining and the wind is strong, so let's stay home.
時間もあるし、天気もいいし、散歩しよう。
Jikan mo aru shi, tenki mo ii shi, sanpo shiyou.
We have time and the weather is nice, so let's take a walk.
STRUCTURE
Adj-I普
しこの店は安いし、おいしいし、よく来る。
Kono mise wa yasui shi, oishii shi, yoku kuru.
This restaurant is cheap and delicious, so I come often.
近いし、便利だし、この部屋にする。
Chikai shi, benri da shi, kono heya ni suru.
It's close and convenient, so I'll take this room.
STRUCTURE
Adj-Na普
だしこの町は静かだし、景色もきれいだし、住みやすい。
Kono machi wa shizuka da shi, keshiki mo kirei da shi, sumiyasui.
This town is quiet and the scenery is beautiful, so it's easy to live in.
彼は親切だし、面白いし、みんなに好かれている。
Kare wa shinsetsu da shi, omoshiroi shi, minna ni sukarete iru.
He is kind and funny, so everyone likes him.
Practice exercises
1
雨も降っているし、風も強いし、家にいよう。
It's raining and the wind is strong, so let's stay home.
Answer
し
2
時間もあるし、天気もいいし、散歩しよう。
We have time and the weather is good, so let's take a walk.
Answer
し
3
この店は安いし、おいしいし、よく行く。
This shop is cheap and delicious, so I go often.
Answer
し
4
近いし、便利だし、この家がいい。
It's close and convenient, so this house is good.
Answer
し
5
この町は静かだし、景色もきれいだし、住みやすい。
This town is quiet and the scenery is beautiful, so it's easy to live here.
Answer
し
6
彼は親切だし、面白いし、人気がある。
He's kind and funny, so he's popular.
Answer
し
7
この部屋は広いし、きれいし、いいですね。
This room is both spacious and clean, it's nice, isn't it?
Answer
し
8
この部屋は広いし、きれいし、いいですね。
This room is both spacious and clean, it's nice, isn't it?
Answer
し
9
安いし、おいしいし、この店が好きだ。
This restaurant is cheap and delicious, so I like it.
Answer
し
10
この公園は静かだし、広いし、子供に人気だ。
This park is quiet and spacious, so it is popular with children.
Answer
だし
11
宿題もあるし、テストもあるし、今週は忙しい。
I have homework and a test, so this week is busy.
Answer
し
12
彼は親切だだし、責任感も強いし、信頼できる。
He is kind and has a strong sense of responsibility, so he can be trusted.
Answer
だし