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Shirimono
GRAMMAR
〜てある
something is done
result of action
Explanation
NOTE

てある attaches to the て-form of a transitive verb and expresses that the result of an intentional action remains. Someone did something on purpose, and that state is still visible.

NOTE

The object of the action is marked with or (not ), because the focus is on the resulting state, not on who did it.

STRUCTURE
V
ある
まどけてある
Mado ga akete aru.
The window has been opened (and is still open).
名前なまえいてある
Namae ga kaite aru.
A name has been written (and is still there).
電気でんきがつけてある
Denki ga tsukete aru.
The light has been turned on (and is still on).

Practice exercises

1
名前なまえいてある
A name has been written (and is still there).
Answer
いてある
2
料理りょうりつくってある
The food has been prepared (and is ready).
Answer
つくってある
3
会議室かいぎしつ資料しりょう配布はいふしてある
The materials have been distributed in the meeting room.
Answer
配布はいふしてある
4
緊急きんきゅう連絡先れんらくさき掲示板けいじばんってある
The emergency contact has been posted on the bulletin board.
Answer
ってある
5
まどてある
The window has been opened.
Answer
てある
6
黒板こくばん名前なまえてある
A name has been written on the blackboard.
Answer
てある
7
テーブルにはなてある
Flowers have been placed on the table.
Answer
てある
8
ドアがめてある
The door has been closed.
Answer
めてある