GRAMMAR
陸に〜ない
not properly
hardly
Explanation
NOTE
陸に〜ない means not properly or barely — an action is done insufficiently.
最近陸に寝ていない。
I haven't been sleeping properly lately.
陸 is read as ろく here — a rare reading specific to this expression.
NOTE
The verb must be in the negative form. 陸に carries a critical tone — the speaker thinks the action is lacking.
NOTE
Often appears with verbs like 食べる, 寝る, 勉強する, 話す — daily activities done poorly.
STRUCTURE
Vない
<ruby>陸<rt>ろく</rt></ruby>に彼は陸に勉強もしないで、試験に受かった。
Kare wa roku ni benkyou mo shinai de, shiken ni ukatta.
He passed the exam without even properly studying.
忙しくて、陸に食べていない。
Isogashikute, roku ni tabete inai.
I'm busy, so I haven't been eating properly.
新しい同僚とは陸に話したことがない。
Atarashii douryou to wa roku ni hanashita koto ga nai.
I've barely talked with my new colleague.
Practice exercises
1
彼は朝から話しきりで、ろくに人の意見を聞かない。
He has been talking continuously since morning and hardly listens to others' opinions.
Answer
ろくに
2
彼は眠たげで、ろくに講義を聞いていなかった。
He looked sleepy and hardly paid attention to the lecture.
Answer
ろくに
3
仕事をやりっぱなしで、ろくに寝ていない。
Because I left the work unfinished, I hardly slept.
Answer
ろくに
4
色々手を尽くしたが、システムはろくに機能していない。
Despite many efforts, the system is hardly functioning properly.
Answer
ろくに
5
彼は忙しすぎて、ろくに睡眠をとれていない。
He is too busy and hardly gets any proper sleep.
Answer
ろくに